Advantages and disadvantages of various evaporative condensers
According to the different cooling media and cooling methods, condensers are divided into three categories: water-cooled condensers, air-cooled condensers, and evaporative condensers.
Evaporative condenser: integrates condenser, mercury water, cooling tower, and circulating water tank. Compact structure, small footprint, low investment, easy to use and maintain, stable performance, significant water and electricity conservation, and low operating pressure. More energy-efficient than air-cooled and water-saving than water-cooled.
Water cooled condenser: widely used, compact in structure, and easy to use. The performance is basically stable, but it decays quickly and the efficiency is not very high. It is also necessary to configure a circulating water system. Not suitable for water scarce and low-temperature areas. The water system is prone to freezing and has a high failure rate in winter. It is suitable for situations with high condensation loads and high environmental temperatures. During operation, it is necessary to cooperate with cold sources or heat calculation equipment.
Air cooled condenser: In water-cooled condensers, there are sleeve type, shell and tube type, and plate type according to their shapes. Install one or several copper pipes with smaller diameters (smooth pipes or low ribbed pipes) and then bend them into circular or U-shaped spiral shapes according to the requirements of the unit arrangement. The refrigerant vapor enters the outer sleeve from the top, and the sleeve condenser used for refrigeration in prefabricated cold storage is a steel or copper tube with a larger diameter. The condensate flows out from the lower part of the outer sleeve; The cooling water enters the inner pipe from the bottom and flows in reverse with the refrigerant, absorbing the heat of refrigerant vapor along the way This type of condenser, which flows out from the upper part, is commonly used in freon refrigeration systems for active cold storage and small cold storage with a cooling load of less than 40kW. In the air-cooled condenser, the heat released by the refrigerant in the active cold storage compressor is carried away by the cooling water. Reliable performance, slightly higher cost than water cooling, high operating pressure, and simple operation, maintenance, and installation. Suitable for areas with scarce water resources.
A comprehensive comparison of the total power consumption (refrigeration compressor power consumption+fan power consumption+circulating water mercury power consumption) between evaporative condenser and water-cooled condenser and cooling tower can save 17%. Newly built cold storage facilities commonly use evaporative condensers. All condensers operate by taking away the heat from gases or vapors.
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